A reader writes:
I’ve a friend who’s 8month old child (baptized child) has a medical syndrome and is having increasing medical problems. I think that the child should receive the Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick. That it will impart grace and possible healing and strengthen the child in it’s health battles, even though they are too young to understand. I believe that the power of the Holy Spirit is present in this anointing, and prayers. Others seem to be leaning so much towards the forgiveness of sins in the sacrament, that they are overlooking the strengthen and healing portion of the sacrament. I realize that the child has nothing to forgive, But as a baptized catholic christian they are in titled to the strength that this sacrament can give. Do you think that this is appropriate for an infant.
I agree with you! Infants should be able to receive the anointing of the sick!
Unfortunately, canon law in the Latin Rite of the Church does not presently provide for this. The Latin Code of Canon Law provides:
Can. 1004 ยง1. The anointing of the sick can be administered to a member of the faithful who, having reached the use of reason, begins to be in danger due to sickness or old age.
I consider the age-of-reason requirement absolutely reprehensible. It is a remnant, so far as I can tell, of the mindset that existed in the last number of centuries, in which the anointing of the sick (then called "extreme unction," meaning final anointing) was viewed principally as a preparation for death. From that perspective, children below the age of reason wouldn’t need it since they can’t sin gravely.
But that’s NOT why Christ gave us this sacrament. He didn’t give it to us just as a preparation for death but as a means of healing, which is the way Scripture presents it (the forgiveness of sins being a secondary aspect, which is why even those who receive the anointing of the sick still need to go to confession if they are able to confess).
Whether you are sick and need healing has absolutely ZERO to do with whether you have reached the age of reason, and so I do not approve of denying this sacrament to gravely sick children under the age of reason.
Fortunately, following Vatican II, the Church started moving away from envisioning this sacrament principally as a preparation for death. Unfortunately, not all aspects of its law regarding this sacrament have yet caught up with that insight.
So what would I do if I had a gravely sick child below the age of reason? If my child was in danger of death I would immediately seek out a priest in one of the Eastern Catholic Churches (i.e., Eastern Catholics in union with the pope, not Eastern Orthodox).
Their equivalent to the Code of Canon Law–known as the Code of Canons for the Eastern Churches (CCEO)–contains NO age-based requirement for the administration of this sacrament. It merely says:
Can. 738. The Christian faithful are to receive the anointing of the sick gladly whenever they are gravely ill; pastors of souls and the relatives of the sick are to see to it that the sick find relief in this sacrament at an appropriate time.
The CCEO also contains NO prohibition on Eastern priests administering this sacrament to Latin Catholics, so I would take my child to an Eastern priest in a hot second if the child was gravely ill.
Hopefully the deficiency in the Latin Code of Canon Law will be corrected in short order.